Abstract: A verifiable random function (VRF) is a pseudorandom function that enables source verification. By providing a public verification key and accompanying proof with the output, all parties can ...

Abstract: Blockchain systems enable new applications, such as cryptocurrencies and smart contracts, using decentralized consensus without trusted authorities. A number of blockchain systems based on ...

This python program generates one key in format AAAAA-BBBBB-CCCCC and then saves it to keys.txt file, to prevent generating same key twice. If you're lucky enough, when you input such key in the steam ...

remove-circle Internet Archive's in-browser bookreader "theater" requires JavaScript to be enabled. It appears your browser does not have it turned on. Please see ...

Python is a great language for automating everyday tasks, from managing files to interacting with websites. Libraries like ...

Once the project was ready, I fed the entire codebase into NotebookLM. I uploaded all the .py files as plain text files, ...

2019-12-15 Oregon officers can no longer ask random questions during traffic stops. An attorney hopes more states will follow 2019-12-15 'If the climate stays like this, we won't make it' say those on ...

Organizations have been kicking the tire on AI for the past several years, but 2025 saw an explosion of AI-powered offerings ...

theorem 1.3 $text{If } A = A_1 \cup A_2 \cup \cdots \cup A_m \text{ and } A_i \cap A_j = \emptyset \text { for all } i \neq j \text{ , then }$ Definition 1.1 Outcome ...

Analyzing stochastic cell-to-cell variability can potentially reveal causal interactions in gene regulatory networks.

已经非常接近真实值了，如果继续微调，就可以无限接近真实值，虽然一般无法求得最优解，但现实中只是误差可以接受就可以了。通过现有的数据或资料，称为样本，通过尝试求解参数（局部最优解）的过程，就是机器学习的核心内容。误差值是用来控制每次调整参数的幅度。